The aim of this course is to provide understanding of the rise and restructuring of the welfare state in post-industrial democracies and the ways in which these have shaped the gender order. We will use general international comparisons, but also focus on special issues. The US minimalist welfare state regime will be compared to European Union member states from a general dimension with the aim of showing the ways in which motherhood and care are organized. Organizational structure, child care, early childhood education and care services, and employment patterns of various countries will be discussed with their corresponding views on the roles of women and men, with some mention of the roles of children.